Case Report on Weight and Blood Pressure Monitoring in a Pregnant Mother with Grade I Obesity in the Third Trimester with Gestational Hypertension

Abstract

Pregnancy with obesity has become a pathological condition that carries the risk of triggering complications such as gestational hypertension. Hypertension still remains a complication that leads to high morbidity and mortality rates for both the mother and the fetus. In this case, the mother had grade I obesity even before pregnancy. Gestational hypertension occurred after 20 weeks of pregnancy, associated with low physical activity and a diet that was not in line with balanced nutrition. The uniqueness of this case lies in the use of a 24-hour food recall as a method for monitoring adherence to a low-salt and low-fat diet. The aim of this case report is to evaluate diet adherence, blood pressure, and body weight in a pregnant woman with grade I obesity and gestational hypertension. The case report was conducted on Mrs. “T”, 29 years old, G1P00000, 35–36 weeks pregnant, pre-pregnancy BMI of 30.92 kg/m², and a blood pressure of 130/85 mmHg, using a case report method through a midwifery care approach with SOAP over two weeks. Care was provided by Midwife “D” and Student “S” in the working area of Puskesmas “P”. Interventions included education on a low-salt and low-fat diet, monitoring 24-hour food recall, blood pressure, body weight, and recommendations for light physical activity. The patient's body weight decreased from 89.7 kg to 89.0 kg, and blood pressure improved from 135/92 mmHg to 124/80 mmHg. Dietary patterns also improved based on the 24-hour food recall, with no complications observed during the follow-up period. Monitoring using a 24-hour food recall, combined with nutritional education and dietary counseling, improved adherence to the prescribed diet and contributed to better control of blood pressure and body weight. The mother's condition remained stable, and the pregnancy progressed without complications.